Laneway and Garden Suites in Toronto

Laneway Suites, also known as Coach Houses or Granny Flats, are self-contained homes built in the backyard of an existing residential property. They can be used for a variety of purposes, including as rental units, guesthouses, or additional living space for family members. In Toronto, laneway suites have become an increasingly popular option for homeowners looking to increase the value of their property and add additional living space. They are particularly well-suited to the city's tight real estate market and can provide an affordable housing option in areas where housing prices are high.

Laneway suites are designed to be self-sufficient and independent of the main house, with their own entrance and utilities. They can be designed in a variety of styles to match the existing architecture of the main house or to create a unique and modern look. The construction of laneway suites in Toronto is regulated by the city's Laneway Suites Bylaw, which was passed in 2018. The bylaw sets out specific requirements for laneway suite design, size, and location, and requires homeowners to obtain a building permit before beginning construction.

Garden suites are self-contained secondary dwellings that are typically located in the rear yard of a principal residence. They are separate living units that can serve as additional housing on a property. Garden suites are designed to be modest in scale and integrate sensitively within existing residential neighborhoods.

There are many benefits to building a laneway/garden suite in Toronto. Here are a few:

1. Increased housing options: Laneway/garden suites can provide more housing options in established neighbourhoods, which can help alleviate the city's housing shortage.

2. Rental income: If you're a homeowner, building a laneway/garden suite can provide an additional source of rental income. This can be particularly helpful in areas where rental demand is high.

3. Increased property value: A laneway/garden suite can add value to your property, making it a smart investment. This is particularly true in neighbourhoods where laneway/garden suites are rare.

4. Sustainable living: Laneway/garden suites can be designed to be environmentally sustainable, using energy-efficient building materials and systems. This can help reduce your environmental impact and lower your energy bills.

5. Creative use of space: Building a laneway/garden suite allows you to make creative use of your property, turning unused space into a functional living area.

6. Aging in place: A laneway/garden suite can be a great option for seniors who want to stay close to family and remain in their community as they age. It can also be used as a caregiver suite for family members who need assistance.

Overall, a laneway/garden suite can be a smart investment that provides many benefits to homeowners and their communities.

Chapter 150 of the specific use regulations deals with laneway suites. These are regulations that apply to small residential buildings built in laneways, typically behind main houses in urban areas. Laneway suites are becoming popular as a way to provide additional housing options in crowded cities.

Here are some key points from Chapter 150 Specific Use Regulations:

• Application of the Section:

The regulations in Section 150.8 apply specifically to laneway suites.

• Use Requirements:

Laneway suites can be used for living accommodation, including food preparation facilities and sanitary facilities. Home occupations and short-term rentals are also permitted in laneway suites under certain conditions.

• Location Restriction:

Laneway suites are not allowed in a specific area defined by boundaries.

• Lot Requirements:

The lot where a laneway suite is located must have a rear lot line or side lot line abutting a lane for at least 3.5 meters. Alternatively, the lot can have a cumulative total of at least 3.5 meters along a side lot line and rear lot line.

• Yard Requirements:

Laneway suites have specific landscaping requirements, including the percentage of soft landscaping between the main walls of the residential building and the laneway suite. A minimum of 85% of the rear yard space between the main house and the front main wall of the laneway suite must be designated as soft landscaping. Excluding the driveway, 75% of the 1.5m setback from the laneway must also be maintained as soft landscaping.

• Setbacks:

Ancillary buildings containing laneway suites have minimum setback requirements from rear yards and side yards. The laneway suite's front main wall should not extend beyond a 45-degree angle projected towards the rear lot line. This angle begins at a height of 4.0m and is measured at a distance of 7.5m from the rear main wall of the main house.

• Separation and Dimensions:

Laneway suites must maintain a minimum separation from residential buildings on the same lot. Platforms that are less than 0.3m in height are allowed to extend into the required distance separation by a maximum of 1.5m from the front main wall of the laneway suite. The maximum building length and width for laneway suites are also regulated.

• Height:

There are specific regulations regarding the maximum height of laneway suites, including exemptions for certain structures and equipment on the roof. A second storey balcony, occupying less than 10% of the suite's floor area, is allowed in the laneway. Rooftop equipment is permitted to exceed the maximum height limit, provided it occupies less than 30% of the roof area and is set back by a minimum of 1.0m.

• Floor Area:

The interior floor area of a laneway suite must be less than the gross floor area of the residential building on the same lot.

• Decks, Platforms, and Amenities:

Laneway suites may have decks or platforms attached to them, but there are regulations regarding the interpretation of platform walls and their openness to the outside. Garden dormers are allowed to extend beyond the specified angular plane, but the combined width of all dormers should not exceed 30% of the total width of the front main wall of the laneway suite, measured at a height of 4.0m above ground level.

These regulations are put in place to ensure that laneway suites are built and used in a way that is safe, aesthetically pleasing, and compatible with the surrounding neighborhood. They help regulate the size, location, and use of laneway suites while maintaining the overall character of the area.

To confirm your property's eligibility and determine the approximate buildable area for a laneway suite, you can take advantage of our Free Laneway Suite Property Review. Simply contact us with your property's address or survey, and our dedicated team will provide you with a recommendation promptly. This will give you a clear understanding of the potential for a laneway/garden suite on your property, without the need for a site visit.

The City of Toronto has regulations in place that allow for the construction of garden suites in the rear yards of residential properties that are not adjacent to a public laneway. This summary aims to provide you with a general understanding of the rules and regulations outlined in the Zoning By-law 569-2013 for garden suites. However, it is important to note that this summary is not exhaustive and subject to change. It is always recommended to review the specific provisions of the By-law and consult with an architect for your individual situation.

• Emergency Access and Ontario Building Code: 

Before applying to build a garden suite, it is crucial to consider emergency access requirements. The garden suite must comply with the relevant Ontario Building Code regulations, the Zoning By-law, and other applicable laws. To ensure emergency access, specific criteria such as maximum travel distance and minimum width and clearance from the fronting public street must be met. These requirements are determined through compliance reviews conducted by Toronto Building and Toronto Fire and Emergency Services.

• Use Requirements:

A garden suite may be used for living accommodations, home occupations, and short-term rentals (in accordance with the Short-Term Rental By-law).

• Number of Units:

A single garden suite containing a single unit is permitted on a property, provided all applicable rules and regulations are met. The garden suite should be a self-contained living accommodation located in an ancillary building that does not abut a lane.

• Footprint and Lot Coverage:

The maximum footprint of a garden suite is the smaller of 40% of the rear yard area or 60 square meters. The total area covered by all ancillary buildings, including the garden suite, sheds, or garages, should not exceed 20% of the lot area.

• Floor Area:

The interior floor area of a garden suite must be less than the gross floor area of the main residential building on the lot.

• Height and Separation Distance:

The maximum height of a garden suite is 4.0 meters when located a minimum of 5.0 meters from the main residential building. If the garden suite is at least 7.5 meters from the main residential building, it may be built up to a maximum height of 6.0 meters, subject to additional angular plane rules.

• Side Yard and Rear Yard Setbacks:  

The minimum required side yard setback for a garden suite is generally the greater of 0.6 meters and 10% of the lot frontage, up to a maximum of 3.0 meters. The minimum rear yard setback is generally 1.5 meters, but it varies depending on lot depth and whether the lot is a through lot.

• Angular Planes:

Angular planes help regulate building mass and height. Specific angular plane requirements apply to the front, rear, and side yards of a garden suite. However, no angular plane applies where a lot line abuts a street.

• Rear Yard Landscaping: 

A certain percentage of the rear yard area, including the area covered by the garden suite, must be designated as soft landscaping. The required percentage varies based on the lot frontage.

• Parking:

No parking spaces for cars are required for a garden suite. However, a minimum of two bicycle parking spaces must be provided.

The city's comprehensive regulations, as outlined in the "Garden Suites Summary of Rules and Regulations" ensure that these structures are built and used in a manner that is safe, aesthetically pleasing, and compatible with the surrounding neighborhood.

To confirm your property's eligibility and determine the approximate buildable area for a garden suite, you can take advantage of our Free Garden Suite Property Review. Simply contact us with your property's address or survey, and our dedicated team will provide you with a recommendation promptly. This will give you a clear understanding of the potential for a garden suite on your property, without the need for a site visit.

Building a laneway/garden suite in Toronto requires careful planning and adherence to building codes and regulations. While hiring an architect is not a mandatory requirement, it is highly recommended due to the numerous benefits they bring to the project. Here are some reasons why you may consider working with an architect when building a laneway/garden suite:

1. Design expertise: Architects are trained professionals who specialize in designing spaces that are functional, aesthetically pleasing, and meet your specific needs. They can help you optimize the use of space in your laneway/garden suite, ensuring that it is well-designed and efficient.

2. Knowledge of building codes and regulations: Architects have a deep understanding of the local building codes, zoning bylaws, and regulations in Toronto. They can guide you through the permitting process, ensuring that your laneway/garden suite meets all the necessary requirements and avoids any potential pitfalls.

3. Customization and personalization: An architect can work closely with you to understand your vision, preferences, and requirements for the laneway/garden suite. They can help translate your ideas into a well-designed and customized space that reflects your unique style and needs.

4. Collaboration with other professionals: Architects have experience collaborating with various professionals involved in the construction process, such as structural engineers, contractors, and interior designers. They can coordinate these efforts and ensure a smooth workflow, helping to bring your laneway/garden suite project to life.

5. Value engineering: Architects can provide valuable insights into cost-effective design solutions without compromising quality. They can help you make informed decisions regarding materials, finishes, and construction methods, optimizing your budget while ensuring the longevity and sustainability of the laneway/garden suite.

6. Project management: An architect can oversee the entire design and construction process, ensuring that the project stays on track, meets deadlines, and adheres to the agreed-upon design specifications. They can act as a liaison between you and the contractor, facilitating communication and resolving any issues that may arise during construction.

While hiring an architect involves an additional cost, their expertise and guidance can greatly benefit your laneway/garden suite project. They can help you navigate the complexities of the design and construction process, ensuring a successful outcome that aligns with your vision and meets all necessary regulations.

However, if you have prior experience in construction or have a good understanding of building codes and regulations, you may choose to proceed without an architect. Ultimately, the decision of whether to hire an architect for your laneway/garden suite project in Toronto depends on your comfort level, budget, and complexity of the design. Consulting with an architect during the planning stage can provide valuable insights and help you make an informed decision based on your specific needs and requirements.

Building a laneway/garden suite in Toronto involves several steps and a thorough understanding of the process. Here's an overview of the typical steps involved:

1. Research and Planning: Begin by researching the requirements and regulations for laneway/garden houses in Toronto. Familiarize yourself with the zoning bylaws, building codes, and any specific guidelines that apply to laneway/garden suites. Determine if your property is eligible for a laneway/garden house based on its location and size.

2. Architectural Plans: Engage an architect to create the architectural plans for your laneway/garden house. Work closely with them to develop a design that meets your needs, complies with regulations, and harmonizes with the existing property and neighborhood.

3. Building Permits and Approvals: Apply for the necessary building permits from the City of Toronto. Prepare all required documentation, including architectural plans, engineering drawings (if required), and any additional supporting information. Submit your application and await approval from the city's building department.

4. Contractor Selection: Once you have the necessary permits and approvals, select a qualified contractor to construct your laneway/garden house. Obtain multiple quotes, review their portfolios, and check references to ensure you choose a reputable and experienced contractor.

5. Construction: The construction phase involves site preparation, foundation work, framing, installation of utilities (plumbing, electrical, and HVAC systems), interior finishes, and exterior work. The contractor will manage the construction process, adhering to the approved plans and ensuring compliance with building codes.

6. Inspections and Compliance: Throughout the construction process, inspections will be conducted by building officials to verify that the work meets the necessary standards and regulations. Cooperate with the inspectors and address any issues or concerns they may raise.

7. Completion and Occupancy: Once construction is finished, a final inspection will be conducted to ensure that the laneway/garden house meets all building codes and regulations. Once approved, you can obtain an occupancy permit, allowing you to move into and utilize the laneway/garden house.

It's important to note that the process may vary slightly depending on the specific requirements of your property and the area where you plan to build the laneway/garden house. It is highly recommended to consult with professionals, such as architects, contractors, and the City of Toronto's planning department, to ensure you have a comprehensive understanding of the process and comply with all regulations. Building a laneway/garden suite in Toronto can be a rewarding undertaking, providing additional living space or rental income. By following the appropriate steps, obtaining necessary permits, and working with qualified professionals, you can successfully navigate the process and bring your laneway/garden house project to fruition.

In Toronto, laneway suites and garden suites are two types of accessory dwelling units (ADUs) that can provide additional housing options on residential properties. While they share some similarities, there are key differences between the two. Let's explore the distinctions between laneway suites and garden suites:

1. Location and Access:

• Laneway Suites: These self-contained units are situated on lots that have direct access to a publicly designated laneway. They are specifically designed to face the laneway, allowing for independent access and privacy from the main house.

• Garden Suites: Garden suites, on the other hand, are intended for properties without public laneway access. They are located within the rear yard and integrate with the existing landscape and surroundings of the property.

2. Purpose and Usage:

• Laneway Suites: Laneway suites serve as separate living spaces that can be used for long-term rental accommodations, as additional space for family members, or as a designated area for the main house's occupants, such as a guest house or workspace.

• Garden Suites: Similarly, garden suites are self-contained units detached from the main house, offering flexible usage options. They can be utilized as long-term rentals, space for family members, or as a separate area for the primary dwelling's occupants.

3. Zoning and Regulation:

• Laneway Suites: The construction and regulation of laneway suites are governed by specific provisions outlined in the zoning by-law. The property must have frontage on a publicly designated laneway to be eligible for a laneway suite.

• Garden Suites: Garden suites, on the other hand, are regulated under a separate section of the zoning by-law. These provisions apply to properties that do not have direct access to a public laneway.

4. Unit Limitations:

• Both laneway suites and garden suites are limited to a maximum of one dwelling unit per property. They must provide essential facilities such as kitchen and bathroom amenities.

Both laneway suites and garden suites provide additional housing options and can help address the need for affordable housing and increased density in Toronto. Understanding the differences between the two types of ADUs can help property owners and potential residents make informed decisions about which option best suits their needs and aligns with the zoning and regulatory requirements of their property. It is important to consult with the City of Toronto's planning department and engage professionals, such as architects, to navigate the specific regulations and guidelines associated with each type of dwelling unit.

When considering the construction of a laneway or garden suite, it's important to take into account the potential impact of trees on your property. The Toronto Private Tree By-law dictates that any tree with a trunk diameter greater than 0.3m, measured 1.4m above ground level, is protected. This means that specific regulations are in place to ensure the preservation of these trees.

Protected trees are assigned a tree protection zone, which varies in size depending on the trunk's diameter. The larger the trunk, the larger the protection radius. If your proposed construction falls within a protection zone or requires the removal or injury of a protected tree, you will need to obtain a permit from Toronto Parks and Forestry.

Obtaining the permit involves an evaluation process based on an arborist report commissioned by the homeowner. The arborist report provides an assessment of the tree's health, condition, and impact on the proposed construction. This evaluation helps determine the measures necessary to protect the tree or, if removal is necessary, whether compensatory measures such as tree planting are required.

It's crucial to consider the implications of trees on your property and to comply with the regulations set forth by the Toronto Private Tree By-law. Engaging a qualified arborist and working closely with Toronto Parks and Forestry will ensure that the necessary steps are taken to protect and preserve trees while proceeding with the construction of your laneway or garden suite.

When it comes to garden and laneway suites, incorporating a basement is indeed a possibility. However, it's essential to consider certain factors before making a decision. While basements are permitted in these types of suites, it's important to note that the process can be more complex and potentially more expensive compared to constructing the main structure. Excavation, shoring, foundation work, and drainage installation within the limited space of a rear yard can pose challenges and add to the overall project budget.

It's important to carefully assess your needs and project requirements to determine if a basement is necessary. While a laneway or garden suite cannot be divided into multiple units, a basement can serve as valuable additional space for storage, utility needs, or expanded living areas, depending on your specific circumstances.

Before proceeding with the inclusion of a basement, it's recommended to consult with an experienced architect. They can provide guidance and insights into the feasibility, cost implications, and technical considerations associated with adding a basement to your suite. By thoroughly evaluating your needs, budget, and project goals, you can make an informed decision about whether incorporating a basement in your garden or laneway suite is the right choice for you.

Laneway suites and garden suites are designed to be non-severable, meaning they cannot be divided or separated from the primary residence. They are intended to share the same lot and municipal services with the main house.

While this may limit the option to sever or create separate legal entities for the laneway or garden suite, it does come with its own advantages. These types of suites can still be highly valuable assets for homeowners, offering various benefits such as increased property value, additional rental income, and enhanced housing flexibility on your existing property.

By keeping the laneway or garden suite connected to the main residence, it ensures a cohesive and integrated living environment. It allows for convenient access to shared utilities, services, and amenities while preserving the overall unity of the property.

When it comes to supplying essential services such as gas, electricity, and water to your laneway or garden suite, there are specific considerations to keep in mind. Typically, these services are connected to and shared with the main house on the property. For electrical service, it is often possible to have a separate meter installed directly with Toronto Hydro. This allows for independent metering of electricity consumption for the laneway or garden suite, providing clarity and control over usage and billing.

However, when it comes to gas and water services, they typically share a meter with the existing residence. This means that the gas and water usage for the laneway or garden suite will be combined with that of the main house. Fortunately, there are various options available to monitor and track the usage specifically attributed to the laneway or garden suite. These options include sub-metering systems or devices that can help you accurately measure and allocate gas and water consumption for the suite. These solutions provide a way to monitor usage and can assist with fair billing or usage allocation among the different units on the property.